However, Hakluyt argues that this type of colonization is not acceptable, legal, or moral. In his publications, Hakluyt mentioned such reasons for the English colonization of America as: Richard Hakluyt (1552?1616) was an English geographer and minister. Richard Hakluyt. [20], Hakluyt was married twice, once in or about 1594[5] and again in 1604. Hakluyt's other works synthesized information providing maps and documents that allowed for many others to obtain vital information. George Bruner Parks has theorized that publication at that time would have been inconvenient to England because after England had successfully helped Holland and Spain to negotiate the Twelve Years' Truce during the Eighty Years' War, the work would have supported English claims for free seas against Spain, but not its claims for closed seas against Holland. That the Queen of England title to all the west Indies, or at the least to as much as is from Florida to the Circle arctic, is more lawful and right then the Spaniards or any other Christian Princes. She taught for history for fifteen years. In twenty-one chapters, summarized here, Hakluyt emphasized the many benefits that England would receive by creating colonies in the Americas. IvyPanda. But it is the Voyages that remains his memorial. How does Hakluyt justify British claims to territorial possession in the Western Hemisphere? natural reason.15 The elder Richard Hakluyt was the first of a long series 15 Sir George Peckham, A true reporte, of . Shortly before its completion, he was granted by the queen the next vacant prebend at Westminster so that he might be at hand to advise on colonial affairs. [32], The Hakluyt Society was founded in 1846 for printing rare and unpublished accounts of voyages and travels, and continues to publish volumes each year. He is known for promoting early English exploration of North America. [5] A few copies of this monumental work contain a map of great rarity, the first on the Mercator projection made in England according to the true principles laid down by Edward Wright. who was a lawyer and also an advocate of English colonization. We utilize security vendors that protect and and M.A. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. For this reason, no map can be completely accurate, and in the early 1500s maps were often badly distorted. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. Besides, the occupation of key ports will enhance commercial activities since England will charge duties and control high-traffic regions. That this western voyage will yield unto us all the commodities of Europe, Africa, and Asia, as far as we were wont to travel, and supply the wants of all our decayed trades. The queen granted Sir Walter Raleigh a charter in 1584 to begin to colonize, although she did not provide full financial support. Some of the gentlemen of her court wished to pursue opportunities to colonize, and Hakluyt wrote Discourse on Western Planting to encourage her to lend her support to men such as Sir Walter Raleigh. That speedy planting in diverse fit places is most necessary upon these lucky western discoveries for fear of the danger of being prevented by other nations which have the like intentions, with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. Richard Hakluyt Richard Hakluyt was born in England in the mid-sixteenth century (1552-1616). The two would later co-operate to convince the English crown to invest in overseas ventures. It began with Portuguese exploring places such as the Atlantic archipelagos and the coast of Africa during the fifteenth century. "[14] Although this was his only visit to Continental Europe in his life, he was angered to hear the limitations of the English in terms of travel being discussed in Paris.[11]. In the dedication of the second volume (1599) to his patron, Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, Hakluyt strongly urged the minister as to the expediency of colonising Virginia. A particular discourse concerning the great necessity and manifold commodities that are like to grow to this Realm of England by the Western discoveries lately attempted, Written In the year 1584 by Richard Hakluyt of Oxford at the request and direction of the right worshipful Mr. Walter Raleigh now Knight, before the coming home of his Two Barks: and is divided into xxi chapters, the Titles whereof follow in the next leaf. Both of his parents died when he was quite young, leaving Richard and his siblings in the care of an older cousin. From an early age, he was fascinated by geography and the prospect of the colonization of America. He has recently obtained a PhD in contemporary European history. The burial register merely states that Hakluyt was buried "in the Abbey" without giving an exact location, and there is no monument or gravestone: personal e-mail communication on 10 May 2007 with Miss Christine Reynolds, Assistant Keeper of Muniments, Westminster Abbey Library. He attempted to convince Elizabeth I, who was the Queen of England at the time, to fund colonizing efforts with a treatise entitled Discourse on Western Planting. He is known for promoting the English colonization of North America through his works, notably Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America (1582) and The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (15891600). Among them were Humphrey Gilbert, an explorer and businessman; Gilbert's half-brother, Walter Raleigh (1552-1618); and writer and geographer Richard Hakluyt (1552-1616). [14] A number of his manuscripts, sufficient to form a fourth volume of his collections of 15981600, fell into the hands of Samuel Purchas, who inserted them in an abridged form in his Pilgrimes (16251626). in history, and a doctoral degree in interdisciplinary studies with a focus on early modern Scotland. That this action will be greatly for the increase, maintenance and safety of our Navy, and especially of great shipping which is the strength of our Realm, and for the supportation of all those occupations that depend upon the same. This, the prose epic of the English nation, is more than a documentary history of exploration and adventure; with tales of daring it mingles historical, diplomatic, and economic papers to establish English right to sovereignty at sea and to a place in overseas settlement. Secondly, he was a persistent and able propagator of colonization and, through his numerous works, inspired many early English explorers. Richard Hakluyt, (born c. 1552, London, Eng. However, the risk was great for everyone involved and in the case of England, encouragement was needed. [14], Hakluyt was also a leading adventurer of the Charter of the Virginia Company of London as a director thereof in 1589. [23][26] Hakluyt's handwritten manuscript, MS Petyt 529, in Inner Temple Library in London was eventually published as The Free Sea for the first time in 2004. Records also show that a Thomas Hakeluytt was in the wardship of Henry VIII (reigned 15091547) and Edward VI (reigned 15471553). He was the chief promoter of a petition to James I for letters patent to colonize Virginia, which were granted to the London Company and Plymouth Company (referred to collectively as the Virginia Company) in 1606. The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. He also published numerous geographical works describing North America and early English exploration of the New World. [23] However, it is not clear why Hakluyt's translation was not published in his lifetime. The year was 1591 or 1592. Have you ever read travel books that made you want to explore a brand new place or even go to another planet? He also translated numerous works on the subject into English. with the order thereof and other reasons therewithal alleged. [24], In 1591, Hakluyt inherited family property upon the death of his elder brother Thomas; a year later, upon the death of his youngest brother Edmund, he inherited additional property which derived from his uncle. . https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/, IvyPanda. One of the issues discussed is the expansion desire for English citizens. professional specifically for you? "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." Purchas procured some of Hakluyts manuscripts after his death and used them in Haklvytvs Posthumus; or, Pvrchas His Pilgrimes of 1625. How does inter-European rivalry figures into this text? A brief collection of certain reasons to induce her Majestie and the state to take in hand the western voyage and the planting there. In the treatise, he argued that colonization was an opportunity to proselytize the Protestant faith, exploit America's natural resources, create new trade markets, and offer work to the unemployed. 1) Rich soil 2) ease of travel 3)Increase Navel Power (build more ships)-larger ships the better 4)make their Navy so strong He graduated with a master's degree in 1577, and remained in Oxford as a lecturer. [33], A 14-volume critical edition of Hakluyt's Principal Navigations is being prepared by the Hakluyt Edition Project for Oxford University Press under the general editorship of Daniel Carey, National University of Ireland, Galway, and Claire Jowitt, University of East Anglia.[34]. Richard Hakluyt's Reasons for Colonization. Learn about the English scholar Richard Hakluyt and his reasons for colonization and exploration. Hakluyt was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. Your privacy is extremely important to us. Richard Hakluyt, Reasons For Colonization, 1585 - ETTC. Some time before 1580 he took holy orders, and, though he never shirked his religious duties, he spent considerable time reading whatever accounts he could find about contemporary voyages and discoveries. "English Colonization of America in Hakluyt's View." In 1613 appeared the Pilgrimage of Samuel Purchas, another clergyman fascinated with the new discoveries of the age. Hakluyt justifies the latter by claiming that colonization will limit the spread and expansion of the Spanish territory and subsequently jeopardize the interests of England. Richard Hakluyt presented the work privately to the queen in 1584. Richard Hakluyt. He made a point of becoming acquainted with the most important sea captains, merchants, and sailors of England. About this time he married Duglesse Cavendish, a relative of Thomas Cavendish, the circumnavigator, and was appointed to the parish of Wetheringsett in Suffolk. IvyPanda. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. on 27 June 1577,[5][10] began giving public lectures in geography. He is known for promoting the English colonization of North America through his works, notably Divers Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America (1582) and The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589-1600).
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