[citation needed], The US EPA has determined that lindane does not contaminant drinking water in excess of the Agency's level of concern. Medical observation is indicated. Read what you need to know about our industry portal chemeurope.com. 0000002858 00000 n (3) Transitional exception. At the same time, a boxed warning was added to the prescription label to highlight to healthcare providers appropriate use criteria and rare treatment risks. The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The symbol and border must be black on a white or suitable contrasting background. [7], Based on these findings, lindane lotion and lindane shampoo were limited to small unit-dose bottles in 2003 by the FDA to mitigate the risk of misuse and further enhance product safety. Inhalation risk 0000050404 00000 n The direct causes of death for the other cases were attributed to reasons other than lindane. Lindane in soil can leach to surface and even ground water and can bioaccumulate in the food chain. The company seeks damages and injunctive relief against all of the defendants. The mark must be visible from the direction it faces. 0000003215 00000 n 1997-2023 LUMITOS AG, All rights reserved, https://www.chemeurope.com/en/encyclopedia/Lindane.html, Your browser is not current. WebLindane is an organochlorine pesticide belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that has been widely used to treat agricultural pests. However, Morton Grove presented new facts supporting its case for jurisdiction in Illinois and the Court held that Morton Grove's "Second Amended Complaint would provide specific jurisdiction over the Center and Weil." 104 22 $>. CFR Title 49. Transportation 49 CFR 172.101, App. B Convulsions. Vomiting. 0000001327 00000 n 0000001686 00000 n People who are occupationally exposed to it are advised to avoid its Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Air pollution on the Front Range has gotten worse, EPA Lindane xb```"cV @16$!Lvr p'wO'w6%nY38rg?&')(Iq^ YNH(Hinthr;.5. Fresh air, rest. In 2006, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) called for the voluntary cancellation of all agricultural uses of lindane, limited in recent years to pre-planting seed treatments. [4][25] The latter includes the U.S. and Canada, which support public health uses of pharmaceutical lindane but no longer allow agricultural applications. "[14], The most common side effects associated with topical use of lindane medications are nonserious reactions of the skin, including burning, itching, dryness and rash. 49 CFR 172.322 - Marine pollutants. | Electronic Code Lindane (Persistant Organic Pollutant) in the EU, Best Practices For materials described using UN3077, Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. and UN3082, Environmentally hazardous substance, liquid, n.o.s., see 172.102(c)(1), special provision 441 for additional provisions; and. To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Marine pollutants or environmentally hazardous substances are materials that can pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems. Marine pollutant is a term mainly used by IMDG code while the term " environmentally hazardous substances " are used by other dangerous goods regulations such as ADR and IATA. Marine pollution It has an oral LD50 of 88 mg/kg in rats and a dermal LD50 of 1000 mg/kg. Chemical dangers Lindane - Wikipedia Toxicity of lindane induced by oxidative stress and intestinal The International HCH and Pesticide Forum has since been established to bring together experts to address the clean-up and containment of these sites. Refer immediately for medical attention. [20] The majority of studies of the general population have also shown no association between serum or breast tissue levels of lindane and breast cancer. [26], Lindane is released into the environment during and after agricultural application through volatilization into the atmosphere (estimated at 12-30%), where it has long-range transport potential and can be deposited by rainfall. NRDC: When the Treatment is Toxic - Pesticides in Head Lindane As noted by the U.S. District Court, the case pleads that [d]efendants swap agricultural and pharmaceutical research selectively quoting and/or misstating findings from studies relating to the agricultural use of lindane, and widely disseminate false, misleading, and defamatory statements about the safety profile and effectiveness of lindane.[34] On June 18, 2007, Judge Elaine Bucklo issued a written decision denying defendants motion to dismiss and further held that Morton Grove had properly pled a case suitable for trial on the following counts: defamation, false advertising under the Federal Lanham Act, trade disparagement and violation of the Illinois Uniform Deceptive Trade Practice Act. Samples of intestinal tissues were prepared in both control Dizziness. 104 0 obj <> endobj Refer for medical attention. The companys promotion agreement with Alliant Pharmaceuticals, which commenced in 2005, was terminated May 2007. Ethyl-4-aminobenzoate. Cyanobacteria are able to tolerate, and even metabolize, moderate doses of organochlorine pesticides, such as lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane), one of the most persistent and widely used in recent decades. Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 does not support some functions on Chemie.DE. WebLindane, a lipophilic pollutant, may be toxic to organisms. This substance does enter the environment under normal use. [1] Alpha- and beta-HCH were used agriculturally in the U.S. in the form of technical-grade HCH until 1976 and are also produced as manufacturing by-products but are void of insecticidal properties and have little to no use. WebSurface waters near industrialized and agricultural areas are contaminated with hundreds of different pollutants from a variety of sources. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and particulates adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance, chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus and protective gloves. DEA methoxycinnamate. Find out more about the company LUMITOS and our team. (e) MARINE POLLUTANT mark. ILO and WHO 2021. People who are occupationally exposed to it are advised to avoid its contact with eyes, skin and via inhalation. Lindane is the main insecticide produced in China. [7][16], In all age groups, reported adverse events occurred mainly in patients with contraindications to the use of lindane or in those who appeared to have misapplied or orally ingested medication. (d) The MARINE POLLUTANT mark is not required -. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. Gyceril PABA. (June 8, 2007 order). Vlkov and Hofman demonstrated that soil properties affect the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants such as lindane, DDT, phenanthrene and Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR), Subtitle B - Other Regulations Relating to Transportation, CHAPTER I - PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, SUBCHAPTER C - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS, PART 172 - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TABLE, SPECIAL PROVISIONS, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS COMMUNICATIONS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE INFORMATION, TRAINING REQUIREMENTS, AND SECURITY PLANS. Rest. It is highly toxic to fish and honeybees and moderately toxic to most Lindane is registered for use in 50 countries, with restricted-use status in 33 of these countries. This requirement may be met by the marking displayed on a freight container or portable tank loaded on a motor vehicle or rail car. The Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants considers the use of lindane in agriculture as largely redundant, with other, less toxic and less persistent pesticides. [1] Studies of the carcinogenic effects of lindane have been inconclusive and often limited by study design; however, no major carcinogenic effects have been noted in human trials to date. Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. Web( d) The MARINE POLLUTANT mark is not required ( 1) On single packagings or combination packagings where each single package or each inner packaging of combination packagings has: ( i) A net quantity of 5 L (1.3 gallons) or less for liquids; or ( ii) A net The authors concluded that "The California experience suggests elimination of pharmaceutical lindane produced environmental benefits, was associated with a reduction in reported unintentional exposures and did not adversely affect head lice and scabies treatment. Exposure to large amounts of lindane can negatively affect the nervous system, producing a range of symptoms from headache and dizziness to seizures, convulsions and more rarely death. Code of Federal Regulations Title 49. Hexachlorocyclohexane [7][8][9] The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention also includes lindane medications in their Sexually Transmitted Disease Treatment Guidelines as viable treatment alternatives for the management of scabies and pubic lice, consistent with the approved prescription labeling for these products. WebLindane is considered to be highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and moderately toxic to birds and mammals. [1] In 2003, the EPA reported on the results of large-scale water contaminant testing of 16,000 water systems serving 100 million people across the U.S. and found that none contained lindane levels above the maximum contaminant level standard considered safe. Lindane, Hexachlorocyclohexane (Technical Grade), Refer for medical attention . Where two or more components that make a material a marine pollutant are present, the names of at least two of the components most predominantly contributing to the marine pollutant designation must appear in parentheses in association with the marked proper shipping name. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. A review of the most serious cases described 15 deaths of which two were confirmed related to lindane misuse including a suicidal ingestion. Over time, lindane is broken down in soil, sediment and water into less harmful substances by algae, fungi and bacteria; however, the process is relatively slow and dependent on ambient environmental conditions. This may result in convulsions. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Lindane Physical State; Appearance Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. 0000000736 00000 n Aurora is best viewed in areas without light pollution and no cloud cover. (1) Lindane has been listed as a pollutant of concern to EPA'sGreat Waters Programdue to its persistence in the environment, potential to bioaccumulate, and toxicity to humans and the environment. (2) Assessing Personal Exposure Lindane can be measured in the blood, urine, and semen of exposed individuals by gas chromatography.(1) In humans, lindane primarily affects the nervous system, liver and kidneys, and may be a carcinogen and/or endocrine disruptor.[1][2]. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: III, Prepared by an international group of experts on behalf of ILO and WHO, If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the marking remains clearly visible. Abstract. Risk of fire and explosion if formulations contain flammable/explosive solvents. 0000057176 00000 n Remove contaminated clothes. (B) Bulk packages with a capacity of less than 3,785 L (1,000 gallons); or. This is the third severe geomagnetic storm (G4) since Solar Cycle 25 began in 2019. WebIn the case of marine pollutants also meeting the criteria for inclusion in another hazard class, all provisions of this subchapter relevant to any additional hazards continue to (1) On single packagings or combination packagings where each single package or each inner packaging of combination packagings has: (i) A net quantity of 5 L (1.3 gallons) or less for liquids; or, (ii) A net mass of 5 kg (11 pounds) or less for solids. with the financial assistance of the European Commission. WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER. 0000047710 00000 n Sweep spilled substance into sealable non-metallic containers. [4] There is a bill in the New York State Assembly and Senate to ban its use in head lice products and limit its use on scabies, which had not passed as of September 2007. With an accout for my.chemeurope.com you can always see everything at a glance and you can configure your own website and individual newsletter. Separated from bases and food and feedstuffs. A wide range of pollutionfrom plastic pollution to light pollutionaffects marine ecosystems. 0000057076 00000 n [1] [1][21] Similarly, no increased cancer risk was noted in a large epidemiologic study of lindane medications involving a 143,594-patient database with up to 21 years of follow up, which concluded that There is still no persuasive evidence from studies of humans that lindane, as ordinarily used clinically, is carcinogenic in humans. [22] The width of the border forming the square-on-point marking must be at least 2 mm. 0000003791 00000 n Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Decomposes on heating and on burning. Fish, marine mammals and birds in the region are exposed to environmental pollutants, increasing the stress of the marine ecosystem. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. [18], Canadas Pest Management Regulatory Agency phased out of all agricultural uses of lindane between 2000 and 2005 due to concerns of chronic occupational exposure and risks to workers during seed treatment and planting. They are second line treatments, meaning they are prescribed only when first-line therapies have failed, cannot be tolerated or are otherwise contraindicated. eCFR :: 49 CFR 171.4 -- Marine pollutants. [7], In the face of negative publicity concerning lindane pharmaceutical products, the U.S. manufacturer, Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals, filed a legal complaint on February 6, 2007 in the U.S. District Court in Chicago, Illinois against the National Pediculosis Association, the Ecology Center, Inc., and two physicians for statements made and disseminated to healthcare providers and consumers using the internet and through a series of printed literature . A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed. Find out how LUMITOS supports you with online marketing. It also notes that careful consideration should be given before prescribing lindane medications to patients with conditions that may increase the risk of seizure, such as HIV infection, history of head trauma or a prior seizure, CNS tumor, the presence of severe hepatic cirrhosis, excessive use of alcohol, abrupt withdrawal from alcohol or sedatives, as well as concomitant use of medications known to lower seizure threshold. Lindane, also known as gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) and benzene hexachloride (BHC), is an organochlorine insecticide that has been used in agriculture and in pharmaceutical products for the treatment of headlice and scabies. (see also Regulatory Status). [1] The ecological impact of lindanes environmental persistence continues to be debated. Lindane (Persistant Organic Pollutant) in the EU, Best Practices of De-Contamination Exchanged. Your browser does not support JavaScript. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (ii) 5 kg (11 pounds) or less net capacity for solids. Cough. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. [34], In response to Morton Grove's complaint, the Ecology Center defendants moved to dismiss the case based on an alleged lack of personal jurisdiction. ICSC 0053 - LINDANE - International Labour Organization However, a significant amount of Lindane is also found in [4][6] It is banned in 52 countries and the state of California, and is under review for addition to the Stockholm Convention On Persistent Organic Pollutants. (2) On a combination packaging containing a marine pollutant, other than a severe marine pollutant, in inner packagings each of which contains: (i) 5 L (1.3 gallons) or less net capacity for liquids; or. Effects of short-term exposure Effects of long-term or repeated exposure [11][12] Both medications contain only the gamma-HCH isomer, and are available as prescription-only medications. Wash hands before eating. WebLindane is considered to be highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and moderately toxic to birds and mammals. The most common reports to the FDA were "drug ineffective," followed by convulsions, dermatitis and dizziness. [16] The vast majority (85%) of these reports488 totalwere classified as nonserious, while serious events most often resulted from product misuse (80% of serious cases). The mark may be displayed in black lettering on a square-on-point configuration having the same outside dimensions as a placard. [28] More specifically, the EPA conducted down-the-drain estimates of the amount of lindane reaching public water supplies from the use of lindane medications using data from California water treatment facilities, concluding that lindane levels from pharmaceutical sources were extremely low and not of concern.[5]. [15] Central nervous system stimulation ranging from dizziness to seizures, has also been reported; however, serious effects, like seizures, have almost always resulted from oral ingestion or misuse of medication (e.g., repeated treatments or prolonged applications). eCFR :: 49 CFR 172.322 -- Marine pollutants. (3) Except for transportation by vessel, on a bulk packaging, freight container or transport vehicle that bears a label or placard specified in subparts E or F of this part. Routes of exposure Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development. (a) For vessel transportation of each non-bulk packaging that contains a marine pollutant -, (1) For a proper shipping name used to describe a hazardous material that is a marine pollutant and assigned the letter G in column (1) of the 172.101 hazardous materials table or that contains the text n.o.s., the name of the component which makes the material a marine pollutant must be marked on the package in parentheses in association with the marked proper shipping name unless the proper shipping name identifies by name the component which makes the material a marine pollutant. [1] Adverse hematologic effects have also been reported with chronic occupational exposures and excessive dermal applications; however, a direct cause and effect has not been established. [15] (see also Pharmaceutical Uses) Lindane has not been shown to alter immunocompetence in humans and is not considered to be genotoxic. Boiling point: 323C Melting point: 113C Density: 1.9 g/cmSolubility in water, g/100ml at 20C: 0.0007 (very poor)Vapour pressure, Pa at 20C: 0.0012 Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20C (air = 1): 1Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 3.61 - 3.72. Lindane is categorized as a persistent organic pollutant, and its concentrated form persists in the aquatic environment. [4][5] This is not unlike other medications where the active ingredient has other non-healthcare applications. [30][31]The US FDA continues to maintain that lindane medications have necessary health benefits that outweigh potential risks and should remain available for patients with head lice, scabies and pubic lice (crabs) who have few treatment alternatives. (c) A transport vehicle or freight container that contains a package subject to the marking requirements of paragraph (a) or (b) of this section must be marked with the MARINE POLLUTANT mark. Lindane (Ref: OMS 17) - University of Hertfordshire 0000003713 00000 n Rinse mouth. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. The mark must be visible from the direction it faces. A marking in conformance with the requirements of this paragraph in effect on December 31, 2014, may continue to be used until December 31, 2016. Access to page content (press "Enter") Lindane and 0000005726 00000 n Purpose Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers (-, - and - (Lindane)) were recently included as new persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Stockholm Convention, and therefore, the legacy of HCH and Lindane production became a contemporary topic of global relevance. [5] However, in 2006, the Agency published an addendum to its initial decision and called for the voluntary cancellation of all agricultural uses by registered manufacturers (effective July 2007), citing a significant change in the costs and benefits of agricultural uses due to the recent introduction of seed-treatment alternatives to lindane. [1] Vomiting and nausea are usual symptoms associated with oral ingestions of lindane but serious neurologic effects can occur, albeit less frequently. Web4-methylbenzylidene camphor. ];pGvZo~z8i##N7M3|cruvx}qLY^*PqoWU-;yr$z:9~sro?6N9iC0Y 6)?S9xwQ(elU[3+s]q-{ [7] These infectious diseases, two of which are sexually transmitted, affect tens of millions of Americans and hundreds of millions of people worldwide every year. [32][33] In the U.S., petitions to ban the use of pharmaceutical lindane have been rejected by the FDA and determined to be without merit by experts working with this regulatory agency. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Exposure could cause death. WebThis Lindane Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Document replaces the earlier National Marine Fisheries Service No Observed Adverse Effect Level National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System EPA Office of Pesticide Programs Population Adjusted Dose Pesticide Analytical Method Public Document Long-term toxicity of lindane through oxidative stress and cell [23] However, more recent evaluations by subject matter experts do not support this rating. Each side of the mark must be -. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. 0000003168 00000 n WebThe MARINE POLLUTANT mark must conform to the following: (1) Except for size, the MARINE POLLUTANT mark must appear as follows: Symbol (fish and tree): Black on [13], The State of California banned the pharmaceutical use of lindane, effective 2002. Diarrhoea. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
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