1 0 obj The success of Israel was to be based on and to include: 1. The Prophets The Dates Bible History Kings and Events Prophets of Israel Jonah 810-790 BC 2 Kings 13-14 Jehoash, Jeroboam II (Amaziah) Joel 790-760 BC 2 Kings 11-15 Uzziah Amos 780-760 BC 2 Kings 14-15 Jeroboam II (Uzziah) Hosea 785-725 BC 2 Kings 15-18 Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz) Isaiah 750-695 BC 2 [] But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. Ninevehs destruction, which came in 612, is referred to as a future event, indicating that Zephaniahs work preceded this date. Di Lella, "Daniel" in, Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_Hebrew_prophets&oldid=1082234151, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 April 2022, at 01:53. Otherwise you will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new a tab. Timeline of the Prophets | Theology of Work / Chart of Israel's and or during the early years of his reign. Solomon's, so that we have a scale of increasing year numbers. Remember that the record of Gods dealings with His people in ages past has been recorded for the benefit of all later generations to the end of time. Superior intellect. 2nd return of exiles (458) Malachi (c. 460) 440. 4. Seventh-day Adventists believe that, generally speaking, the promises and predictions given through the Old Testament prophets originally applied to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them on the condition that they obey God and remain loyal to Him. Jotham (750 -735) inactive in rule after Hosea Amos Zechariah Added Huldah as a prophetess during the reign of Judah's King Josiah. A|D.X#. Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. Some prophets overlap, lived in different areas, or the chronology cannot be estimated with any accuracy. A less-well-defined school of interpretation bases its approach to the prophetic portions of the Old Testament on the theory that the prophet, while bearing messages to the people of his day, also took occasional excursions into the distant future, with the result that many of his forecasts did not apply to literal Israel at all, but were intended exclusively for Israel after the spirit, that is, for the church today. In view of the light they had received from God, they were even worse than the heathen, to whom they felt so much superior. Prophets of the Assyrian Period Jonah Jonah (790-770 B.C.) Minor prophets. All rights reserved. Paul states the same truth in Romans 9:30, 31, where he makes it plain that the Christian church has replaced the Hebrew nation in the divine plan. In Babylon: prophecy of Ezekiel, Return to the land under Persian rule, and writings of Ezra-Nehemiah Not all the prophets were anti-establishment, however. Any interpretation that fails to give these matters due consideration does violence to the Scriptures. 7. He probably died in the Nile country. 1 Peter 2:6-8; 1 Corinthians 1:23) but this need not mean that they are to fallGod forbid, he exclaims (Romans 11:1, 22). Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. (chapter 5:14), after which he was recalled to Persia. Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. 2. Holiness of character (Levites 19:2; see on Matthew 5:48). Zechariah probably belonged to a priestly family (chapter 1:1; cf. Now it is spiritual Israel, in the past not a people but now the people of God, that are to shew forth the praises of the One who has called them out of darkness into his marvellous light (1 Peter 2:9, 10). The glorious era of David and Solomon marked what might have been the beginning of Israels golden age). In that day every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts (Zechariah 14:16; cf. Isaiah was a prophet of the southern kingdom, living in a critical period of his nation. He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). (r!W6 l3uY8&"|flz;44~6. The 9th-century view.The great empires of Assyria and Babylonia do not appear within the horizon of the prophet. 2010 by the Theology of Work Project, Inc. }[~-?)\ x=kU0g\ET,? The Biblical Timeline Encouraging Hezekiah and the people through his own trust in God, he was instrumental in saving Jerusalem. Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. Chart of Israel's Kings and Prophets Micah was a prophet from Moresheth-gath (chapter 1:1, 14), probably Tell ejJudeideh in southwestern Judah. This chart includes only the major prophetic figures of the Old Testament period. All rights reserved. Few passages of Scripture are more commonly misunderstood and variously interpreted than those containing the divine promises made to ancient Israel through the prophets. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. One challenging point in history is the divided kingdoms of Israel (the 10 northern tribes) and Judah (the 2 southern tribes). The book of Haggai contains four addresses, each bearing a precise date giving the day, month, and year of Darius reign. Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. The promises God made to Abraham endured through his descendants and the prophets, and they continue to stand true alongside the church's existence today. Prophets in Judaism - Wikipedia The table down shows where in time the . Because these cookies are strictly necessary to deliver the website, refusing them will have impact how our site functions. *:G6*q Al 3:5). Israelite Prophets Date Chart The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. They were to show forth His praise (chapter 43:21), to declare His glory among the heathen (chapter 66:19), to be a light to the Gentiles (chapters 49:6; 42:6, 7). According to the Talmud, there were 48 prophets and 7 prophetesses of Judaism. *This is the traditional date for Joel, but the date is uncertain and suggestions range from the ninth to the. 3. Numbers 14:26-34. Hence, 640 B.C., about midway between the two limits, marked by the destruction of Thebes and the fall of Nineveh, would seem to be a reasonable conjectural date for Nahums prophetic ministry. Furthermore, Old Testament prophecy must first be examined in terms of its historical application to literal Israel before the validity of a derived application to spiritual Israel may be undertaken. 735BC-700BC - Micah the Prophet 732BC- 723BC - King Hoshea the last King of Israel was taken to Assyria 722BC - Israel Exiled as Slaves because of sin 716BC-686BC - King Hezekiah was the 13th King of Judah 716-686BC - King Hezekiah - the sun goes backward 695BC - King Manasseh the 14th King of Judah 660BC - The Prophet Nahum For these reasons the 7th-century date for Joel has been adopted in this commentary, although there is no conclusive proof that this choice is correct. Louis F. Hartman and Alexander A. However, it is possible that some of his undated prophecies were given at a later time. (prophecy of Deborah) During the Kingdom of Israel and Judah c. 1025 BC-c. 1003 BC [citation needed] King Saul, prophecy of Samuel, During the reign of Zedekiah, Judahs last king, Jeremiah was thrown into prison, being considered a traitor to his country (chapter 37:11-16) because he advised his people to surrender to the Babylonians. The life story of Jeremiah is better known than that of any other prophet. Minor Prophets: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi. It was last of all that God sent unto them his son, according to Christs own words (Matthew 21:37), but they caught him and slew him (verse 39). Nahum is called the Elkoshite (chapter 1:1), but Elkosh is unknown as a place name, although commentators have tried to identify it with Elkesi in northern Galilee, Alkush near Mosul, and a town near Eleutheropolis in Judah. Jeremiah 12:14-16). However, there is no valid reason why Malachi should not be considered a proper name. seem to refer to those recorded in 2 Kings 8:20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, while nothing points to the troubles caused by Hazael, as narrated in 2 Kings 12:17, 18 and 2 Chronicles 24:23, 24, it has been concluded that Joel gave his messages during the time lying between these two events. The History of Rome - Brief Overview Of Roman History from Her Dawn to the First Punic War. They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel. Human traditions came to be honored in place of the revealed will of God (see on Mark 7:6-9). Continuing faithfully under the following three kings, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1), he seems to have been fiercely hated by Manasseh, Hezekiahs wicked son. The kings of Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia, whose dates for this period are well established, are shown in a separate column. The sanctuary became Gods dwelling place among them (see Exodus 25:8), its priests were ordained to minister before Him (Hebrews 5:1; 8:3), its services provided an object lesson of the plan of salvation and prefigured the coming of the Messiah (1 Corinthians 5:7; Colossians 2:16, 17; Hebrews 9:1-10; 10:1-12). It was to be the result of wholehearted cooperation with the will of God as revealed through the prophets, and of divine blessing added to human efforts. ![A1 l0.BaD Xae [#J8U!r^X O, Acts 1:6), to appear as a liberator and conqueror, and to exalt Israel to dominion over all nations (see on Luke 4:19). One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). He is commemorated by Christians on July 20 and is recognized as a prophet in Islam. When the Jews rejected Christ as the Messiah, God in turn rejected them and commissioned the Christian church as His chosen instrument for the salvation of the world (Matthew 28:19, 20; 2 Corinthians 5:18-20; 1 Peter 2:9, 10; etc.). Chronology of to Prophets - UnderstandChristianity.com Isaiahs whole ministry from Uzziah to Manasseh must therefore have lasted more than half a century. The state was still to be administered in the name, and by the authority, of God. Formal worship took the place of sincere religion (cf. by means of a broken line. Major Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel. The futurist school of interpretation contends that the many promises of restoration and world leadership made to ancient Israel are yet to be fulfilled in connection with the establishment of the modern state of Israel in Palestine. Chronology of the Prophets Hence, he seems to have labored at a time before Assyria played a role in Palestinian affairs. Those in Israel who put forth their best efforts to cooperate with the revealed will of God realized, personally, a measure of the benefits He had promised. Moses their great leader warned the people of Israel not to disobey the LORD or else: Deuteronomy 28:49-50 - "The LORD will bring a nation against you from far, from the end of the earth, as the eagle flies; a nation whose language you will not understand; a nation of fierce facial expressions, that doesn't respect the elderly, nor show favor to the young.". Some believe that the prophet refers to the conquest of Jerusalem at the time of King Jehoram (2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, 17) in the 9th century; others believe that the prophet is speaking of Jerusalems destruction by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 B.C. Kings and Prophets (charts, maps, timeline) - The Time of the Kings Please be aware that this might heavily reduce the functionality and appearance of our site. ;vx(>_w$ [U-hFzy\v?>}_|z|wxuzv/jO]vNNrz'_=}2 @/^? The following discussion sets forth the principles of interpretation described under 5, and followed by this commentary, together with the scriptural basis on which these principles rest. Any idea that the return of the Jews to their ancestral home, that is, to the new state of Israel, may in any way be related to Bible prophecy is without valid scriptural foundation. Click on the difference category captions to meet out more. the Exodus from Egypt (prophecy of Moses, Aaron, and Miriam) the Land of Israel c. 1300-1250 BC [citation needed] Joshua leads the people c. 1250 BC-c. 1025 BC [citation needed] Biblical Judges lead the people. Its people were given no promise of complete restoration to their former power in Palestine. True and whole-hearted worship ushers in peace and blessing from the land. They were doing no positive good; therefore they were doing incalculable harm, and their influence became a savor of death. Since Jothams sole reign began after the death of his father Uzziah in 740/39, the initial date for Micahs prophetic ministry should probably be placed after that date. b. I will call them my people, which were not my people (Romans 9:25, 26). Seventy weeks490 years of literal timewere determined upon the Jews, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness (Daniel 9:24). <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Yet in mercy, God still bore with His people, and in due time Messiah came (Malachi 3:1-3). ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. Isaiah 54:7; Ezekiel 36:11; 43:10, 11; Micah 6:8; Zechariah 10:6). They interpreted prophecy in accordance with their selfish desires, because their ambitious hopes were fixed on worldly greatness. Hosea 2:6-13). The material advantages that Israel enjoyed were designed to arrest the attention and catch the interest of the heathen, for whom the less obvious spiritual advantages had no natural attraction. Obedience to the law of God would make them marvels of prosperity before the nations of the world, living witnesses to the greatness and majesty of God (Deuteronomy 8:17, 18; 28:11-13). Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Bibliography Resources on the Old Testament, Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz), to the Jews Before and During the Captivity. He prophesied to the people of Israel during the years that Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Kezekiah were kings of Judah and when Jeroboam II was king of Israel. The number who returned upon the decree of 537 B.C. Used by permission. The fundamental principle by which we can tell unerringly when any particular promise or prediction of the Old Testament made originally to literal Israel is to meet its fulfillment with respect to spiritual Israel iswhen a later inspired writer makes such an application of it. Consideration is given to the role of literal Israel as Gods chosen people, to the way His plan for them was to have been accomplished, to the way in which it actually did work out, and to the eventual transfer of the privileges and responsibilities of literal Israel to spiritual Israel, that is, to the Christian church. endobj On the other hand, the destruction of Nineveh is described as an event still future (chapter 3:7). Samuel and Kings continued with the story of the nation of Israel, often through the perspective of prophets. %PDF-1.5 Israel's Prophetic Timeline In this case, he was an octogenarian. <>>> As the people cooperated with the directions God gave them in regard to the culture of the soil, the land would gradually be restored to Edenic fertility and beauty (Isaiah 51:3). With your gift of any size, youll enable us to continue equipping Christians with high-quality biblically-based content. Shortly after this event he once more rose to a high position of honor and responsibility in the newly formed Persian Empire (chapter 6). This page and its content is copyright 2012. You are here: Home 1 / Timelines 2 / Chronology of the Prophets See also the Chronology of the Latter Prophets and the Intertestamental Period. Accordingly, what He purposed to do for the world through Israel of old He will finally accomplish through His church on earth today, and many of the promises originally made to literal Israel will be fulfilled to His remnant people at the close of time. They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). Psalms 68:31. Gods word is sure (Isaiah 40:8; 55:11; Romans 11:29), and His plan for the salvation of man will ultimately prevail (Isaiah 46:10). His book contains no direct to establish the time of his mission to Nineveh. List Of Bible Prophets In Chronological Order This situation fits best the time prior to the rise of the Chaldean Empire under Nabopolassar, who began to reign in 626/25 B.C., and who, with the Medes, was responsible for the destruction of Assyria. Several prophecies followed a few months later (Zechariah 1:7 to 6:15). There was nothing God could have done for them that He did not do, yet they failed. Henceforth, he says, there is no difference between Jew and Greek (chapter 10:12, 13). Prophecies that Inspiration clearly applies to our day were designed of God to inspire us with patience, comfort, and the hope that all things foretold by these holy men of old will soon meet their final and complete fulfillment. Blog / Updated: Chart of Israel's and Judah's Kings and Prophets The work of no other prophet can be dated so definitely as that of Haggai. Historical setting The promises and threatenings of God are alike conditional. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. Technical know-how would render products made in Israel superior to all others. Matthew 19:16, 17; 22:36-40). ), have never been and can never be fulfilled to them as a nation. Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. This count was 48 male and 7 female Prophets.. Of course, there is much debate about who is included in the list. PDF Chart of the Kings of Israel and Judah - Providence Academy By divine appointment the sacred writings were preserved, century after century, and Israel became their custodian (Amos 3:7; Romans 3:1, 2). He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). For two of them (Joel and Obadiah), however, no conclusive evidence as to the time of their work exists, and scholars differ widely in their views concerning this matter. While it is thus known that he began his work in 520 and continued until 518 B.C., the end of his prophetic ministry must be left open. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). Amir Tsarfati: Israel's Prophetic Timeline. Living in a crisis period of his nation, Jeremiah was called to proclaim many messages of reproof and solemn predictions of doom over his people for their disobedience. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than the following: You may print or download to a local hard disk extracts for your personal use only. Owing to the failure of the Jews as Gods chosen people, many of the prophecies of the Old Testament, such as those affirming the worldwide mission of Israel and the ingathering of the Gentiles (see Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 4:6-8; Isaiah 2:2-5; 42:6; 49:6; 52:10; 56:6, 7; 60:1-3; 61:9; 62:2; Zechariah 2:11; 8:22, 23; etc. Nothing is known concerning the prophet Habakkuk beyond his name. He was therefore a somewhat younger contemporary of Isaiah, to whose vocabulary and terminology his prophecies show great similarity (Micah 4:1-4; cf. Our study of messages originally proclaimed by holy men of old to the people of their day is not to become an end in itself, but a means of discovering the will of God for all who would render Him truehearted service now, at the climax of the ages. This concept of the role of Israel is reiterated again and again throughout the Old Testament. The blessings of health. In Egypt, Jeremiah raised his voice against the idolatries the Jews practiced there (chapters 43; 44). Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. In spite of Israels ultimate failure, a limited knowledge of the true God and of the Messianic hope was widespread when the Saviour was born (see on Matthew 2:1). The prophets of ancient Israel spoke about the events mentioned in the Old Testament long before they actually happened. Joel*. Bible Commentary / Produced by TOW Project. Christianity is a historical religion, and its inspired messages are anchored to the hills and valleys, the deserts and rivers, of the ancient world, and to literal men and women who once walked the earth. 1 Peter 2:9, 10). The covenant with literal Israel proved faulty, not because God failed to carry out His part of the covenant, but rather because Israels fair promises proved evanescent as the morning dew (Hosea 6:4; 13:3; Hebrews 8:6, 7). At the same time, He permitted the heathen nations to walk in their own ways (Acts 14:16), to furnish an example of what man can accomplish apart from Him. The prophets vivid description of the catastrophe that had befallen Thebes leaves the impression that the event was still fresh in the memory of the people, whereas Assyrias power, although waning, was not yet near its end. The sons of the stranger [or Gentile, 1 Kings 8:41; see on Exodus 12:19, 43] would join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord (Isaiah 56:6; Zechariah 2:11). However, there is also no reference made to Persia, which would be expected if the book was of so late a date. Log in, Chart of Old Testament Prophets and Kings, timeline of Old Testament prophets and kings, David, great goodness and great sins, yet always a man after Gods own heart, Samuel and Saul, the importance of listening to God & how to do it, Judges & Ruth, My Way or Gods Way, how to live the best way, How to Correctly Understand & Apply Bible Stories & Biblical Narratives, The Book of Joshua, 9 Lessons on how to fight and win in the battles of life, Chart of Old Testament Prophets and Kingswhere they fit in history, NEW for 2023 Reading Schedules through the Bible in Chronological Historical order, plus free journaling pages, Intro & Overview of Old Testament Prophets, little understood, incredibly important, Joshua: How to fight and win in the battles of life, Deuteronomy: Gods love and how we should live in response. 19:21; Isaiah 46:10; Acts 5:39; Hebrews 6:17; etc. But Judah failed to learn the lesson, and a little more than a century later her apostasy, also, was complete (see Jeremiah 22:6, 8, 9; Ezekiel 16:37; 7:2-15; 12:3-28; 36:18-23). Without this, the people of Israel would not qualify to receive the material blessings God designed to bestow upon them. The life of Christ is a perfect example of the character of God would have His people develop (see on Luke 2:52). You can check these in your browser security settings. One column provides a list of certain special events of this periodsome of a political nature, concerning the nations surrounding Israel and Judah, others of a domestic nature. In the 5th year of Jehoiachins captivity, 593/92, Ezekiel had his first vision by the river Chebar, a canal near the famous city of Nippur in lower Babylonia (chapter 1:1-3). United kingdom under Saul, David, Solomon, c. 1030 - 931. The prophets call us to re-learn the lesson that a respect for the creator of the earth we occupy is a starting point for peace between the earth and its inhabitants. They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. The establishment of the Hebrew monarchy did not affect the basic principles of the theocracy (Deuteronomy 17:14-20; 1 Samuel 8:7). We should never forget that whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for the learning of future generations to the end of time, to inspire patience, comfort, and hope (Romans 15:4). Since no conclusive evidence for any of these three views exists, all are presented here: 1. In so doing we shall be secure against the fanciful explanations sometimes given certain Old Testament prophecies. Filed under Bible, Bible Reference, History, Infographics, Literacy, Old Testament. Thereafter, God let out his vineyard [see Isaiah 5:1-7] unto other husbandmen who would render him the fruits in their seasons (see on Matthew 21:41). They forfeited Gods blessing because of failure to fulfill His purpose in making them His chosen people, and thus brought ruin upon themselves. *The prophets are listed according to their order in the Scriptures. Hosea, Prophet - Amazing Bible Timeline with World History Note by whom it was spoken, to whom it was addressed, and the circumstances that called it forth. Strangely, no evidence suggests that any of these knew in person any of the others. Galatians 3:27-29; see on Deuteronomy 18:15). Some of these prophets only have their words recorded in Kings or Chronicles, while others have their words recorded elsewhere in the Bible (usually the book name is the prophets name). God entered into solemn covenant relationship with him (Genesis 15:18; 17:2-7), and his posterity, Israel, inherited the sacred trust of being Gods chosen representatives on earth (Hebrews 11:9) for the salvation of the entire human race. Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. Then Gabriel came to reassure him of the restoration of his people and the eventual coming of the Messiah (verses 24, 25). Hearing of all the advantages with which the God of Israel had blessed His people and all the prosperity He had procured for them (Jeremiah 33:9), the pagan nations would admit that their own fathers had inherited lies (chapter 16:19). Eventually, all the nations would call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord and be gathered unto it, not to walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart (Jeremiah 3:17).
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